Below we describe some variety of technologies of modern Wireless
Internet mentioning main corresponding Connection standards or protocols.
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is an open international standard for
Internet access from very small portable devices such as PDAs and
mobile phones. WAP
allows users to send and receive emails, get the latest Stock Exchange Indexes,
receive all the sport results, and keep up with the latest news headlines.
Wireless
Internet services are provided by many companies, such as:
International Internet Access Provider, Ace Telecom,
Dobson
Communications Corp (at&t), Leap
Wireless International, Inc., and so on.
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There
are a lot of places everywhere, from Airports and Hotels to Coffee shops,
Internet Cafes and Restaurants where customers are offered
wireless high speed Internet access. These locations are called “HotSpots”.
Many charge a daily or hourly rate for access, but some are free. Some cities
offer free wireless "hot spots" to attract visitors, while businesses are
pursuing this wireless in numerous ways.
Locations that do not charge for
access to Internet are called “FreeSpots”.
An interconnected area of hot spots and network access points is known as a hot
zone. Numerous Web sites offer searchable listings of public Wi-Fi
hotspots, both free and paid: Jiwire,
The Hotspot Haven.
HotSpots and FreeSpots used standards of WLAN (Wireless Local Area
Network). The most common standard is IEEE 802.11b (also called 'Wi-Fi' - short
for "Wireless Fidelity" ) which
offers a connection speed of 11 megabits per second. Other standards are 802.11a
(55 megabits per second) and the latest standard '802.11g', which is compatible
to 802.11b, but also operates on 55 megabits per second.
A Public Wireless Hotspot is a area where a computer or PDA equipped with a WLAN
module can connect to the Internet through Wireless Access Points. A single
Access Point can be reached from a distance of no more than 100-200 meters
(300-600 ft.), but there also exist Hotspots consisting of hundreds of Access
Points which cover entire Airports for example. A company which installs Hotspots
and offers the user a unified access and payment method for WLAN usage is
a WISP (Wireless Internet Service Provider). Right now, WISPs are
being founded all over the world. To find Hotspot location you can use the website Hotspot locations,
to find information about this type of service - website
Hotspot services.
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a system to secure wireless (Wi-Fi)
networks, created to patch the security of the previous system, WEP (Wired Equivalent
Privacy).
There are some existed providers of Hotspots systems:
T-Mobile, HotSpotSystem,
Netopia, etc.
Some
hotspot are equipped by the PayKiosks terminals that allow users without mobile devices to reach the Internet as easily
as they would use a pay phone or an ATM. Usually customers have the choice of either
accessing the Internet on the PayKiosks terminal or using the wireless
signal transmitted from the terminal to connect their own laptop or PDA.
Presently, pay-per-use Internet terminals can only be found in large hotels
and airports in major US cities. Huge growth is forecast for this industry and very
quickly Internet terminals will be appearing all over North America.
Satellite communication are provided for Rescue services, Maritime industry, Oil, Gas and Mining
industry, Transportation and Traveling , Army and
Navy, and so on. Today this type of communication insures the better quality
than traditional radio systems.
To receive a
Satellite service, user needs an antenna with transmitter aimed at the
correct satellite and a very specialized modem which connects to his computer.
Two-way satellite Internet sends data from remote sites via satellite to a hub,
which then sends the data to the Internet. For Satellite Internet everything is possible : to surf the world wide web, to send
and receive email and anything else that can do with an dial up
connection, cable or DSL connection. Inexpensive telephone calls
[VoIP] are also possible. This 24/7 high speed internet connection is always on.
Satellite Internet uses advanced encryption technology to handle sensitive
data and protect users privacy, therefore
satellite connection is secure and safe from hackers.
Two-way satellite Internet usually consists of:
-
Approximately a two-foot by three-foot elliptical satellite dish
-
Two modems (uplink and downlink)
-
Coaxial cables between dish and modem
The satellite dish antenna gets mounted on the wall (balcony, roof,
etc.) or near home and connects via coaxial cable to a satellite
modem. It
may be mounted also on a truck, van,
railroad car, trailer, etc.
The television and internet providing satellites are all in
geosynchronous orbit, meaning that they stay in one place in the sky relative to
the Earth. Each satellite is launched into space at about 7,000 mph (11,000 kph),
reaching approximately 22,200 miles (35,700 km) above the Earth. At this speed
and altitude, the satellite will revolve around the planet once every 24 hours
-- the same period of time it takes the Earth to make one full rotation.
Satellite system providers can use constellation of satellites. For example,
Iridium Satellite LLC. uses a constellation of 66 low-earth orbiting
(LEO) satellites operated by Boeing.
Satellite services are provided for US users from a satellite transponders owned by either
SES Americom,
Satmex,
Telesat, New
Skies, etc; or for other continents by Inmarsat,
Iridium, and so on.
The satellite antennas are manufactured by a several l companies including Prodelin,
Patriot Antenna Systems,
Thrane & Thrane , and the most popular
internet modems are provided by iDirect,
HighesNet,
ViaSat, etc.
Here is a couple words about Inmarsat, that was as the world's first global mobile satellite communications
operator and is still the only one to offer a mature range of modern
communications services to maritime, land-mobile, aeronautical and other users.
Today's Inmarsat system is used by independent service providers to offer a range of
voice and multimedia communications. The Inmarsat business strategy is to pursue a range of new
opportunities at the convergence of information technology, telecoms and
mobility while continuing to serve traditional maritime, aeronautical,
land-mobile and remote-area markets.
Keystone of the strategy is the new Inmarsat I-4 satellite system, which from
2004 support the Inmarsat Broadband Global Area Network (B-GAN) , offering two
powerful and flexible services - Mobile ISDN and newly launched Mobile
Packet Data Service. Integrated Services
Digital Network (ISDN) is a type of circuit switched telephone network
system, designed to allow digital transmission of voice and data over ordinary
telephone copper wires, resulting in better quality and higher speeds, than
available with analog systems.
The modern communication wireless service providers use a combination of all 3 types of
wireless Internet, including implementation for VPNs and PANs.
Virtual Private Network, or VPN, is a private communications network usually
used within a company, or by several different companies or organizations,
communicating over a public network. VPN message traffic is carried on public
networking infrastructure ( the Internet) using standard protocols.
Personal area networks (PANs) are short-range wireless networks that connect
wireless devices to one another.
Bluetooth is the most dominant form of Personal Area Network
technology, which links wireless devices at very short distances. Bluetooth
allows fast data speeds (between 1Mbps and 2Mbps), but is designed
only for peer-to-peer data transfer.
One of most exciting new technologies today is
Wireless Internet Service. Wireless technology is playing an increasing role in
the lives of people around the world. Many people use Internet services from
cell phones, PDAs, Pocket PCs, or
laptops. This became the convenient and fast way to communicate in each
occupation: from doctors and policemen to salespeople and businessmen. They use the Wide World Web everyday at offices, at home and on the move,
and can not work and live normally without it. 
